{"id":1712,"date":"2018-12-28T12:53:47","date_gmt":"2018-12-28T12:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/add-stuttgart.de\/?p=1712"},"modified":"2018-12-28T12:53:47","modified_gmt":"2018-12-28T12:53:47","slug":"mehmet-akif-ersoyu-aniyoruz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/2018\/12\/28\/mehmet-akif-ersoyu-aniyoruz\/","title":{"rendered":"Mehmet Akif Ersoy`u an\u0131yoruz"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’m\u0131z\u0131n yazar\u0131\u00a0Mehmet Akif Ersoy, vefat\u0131n\u0131n 82 y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde an\u0131yoruz. Mehmet Akif Ersoy kimdir ? \u0130stiklal \u015fairi\u00a0Mehmet Akif Ersoy hakk\u0131nda bilgiler……<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"Mehmet<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Ulusal Mar\u015f\u0131 olarak 12 Mart 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n \u015fairi ve g\u00fcftekar\u0131d\u0131r. 20 Aral\u0131k 1873 tarihinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen ve 27 Aral\u0131k 1936 senesinde hayata g\u00f6zlerini yuman Mehmet Akif Ersoy’u, 82 \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde sayg\u0131yla an\u0131yoruz. \u0130\u015fte Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un hayat hikayesi…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MEHMET AK\u0130F ERSOY K\u0130MD\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mehmet Akif Ersoy, 20 Aral\u0131k 1873 tarihinde \u0130stanbul’da d\u00fcnyaya geldi. \u0130lk\u00f6\u011frenimine Fatih’te Emir Buhari Mehtebi’nde ba\u015flayan Ersoy, orta\u00f6\u011frenimine Fatih Merkez R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi’nde ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir yandan da Fatih Camii’nde Fars\u00e7a derslerini takip eden Mehmet Akif Ersoy, dil derslerine b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi duydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fc\u015ftiyedeki e\u011fitimi s\u00fcresince T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Arap\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a ve Frans\u0131zca gibi dil derslerinde her zaman birinci oldu ve okulunda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmeni Hersekli Hoca Kadri Efendi’den olduk\u00e7a etkilendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fc\u015ftiyedeki e\u011fitiminin ard\u0131ndan annesi medrese e\u011fitimi istese de babas\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fiyle Mehmet Akif Ersoy 1885’te d\u00f6nemin pop\u00fcler okullar\u0131ndna olan M\u00fclkiye \u0130daresi’nde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 1888’de okulun y\u00fcksek k\u0131sm\u0131nda okurken babas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti ve bir y\u0131l sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck Fatih yang\u0131n\u0131nda evleri yand\u0131. Ya\u015fanan bu 2 olumsuz geli\u015fme, Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un ailesini yoksullu\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fckledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisi Mustafa S\u0131tk\u0131, ayn\u0131 arsa \u00fczerine bir ev in\u015fa etti ve aile bu evde ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir meslek sahibi olmak isteyen Mehmet Akif, M\u00fclkiye \u0130daresi’ni b\u0131rakarak Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebi’ne kaydoldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezuniyetinin ard\u0131ndan Frans\u0131zcas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiren Mehmet Akif, 6 ay i\u00e7erisinde de Kur’an’\u0131 ezberledi ve haf\u0131z oldu. Hazine-i F\u00fcnun Dergisinde 1893 ve 1894’te birer gazeli, 1895’te ise Mektep Mecmuas\u0131’nda “Kur’an’a Hitab”, adl\u0131 \u015fiiri yay\u0131nland\u0131, memuriyet hayat\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okulu bitirdikten sonra Ziraat Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’nda memur olarak g\u00f6reve ba\u015flayan Ersoy, 1893 – 1913 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda memuriyet hayat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Mehmet \u00c2kif, edebiyata olan ilgisini \u015fiir yazarak ve edebiyat \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi yaparak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Resimli Gazete’de Servet-i F\u00fcnun Dergisi’nde \u015fiirleri ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131mland\u0131. \u0130stanbul’da bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada bakanl\u0131ktaki g\u00f6revinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6nce Halkal\u0131 Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebi (1906)’nde kompozisyon (kitabet-i resmiye),sonra \u00c7ift\u00e7ilik Makinist Mektebi’nde (1907) T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersleri vermek \u00fczere \u00f6\u011fretmen olarak atand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra, ilk olarak Umur-i Baytariye g\u00f6revinden (1913), sonra yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetle uygun d\u00fc\u015fmemesi nedeniyle ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikaz \u00fczerine Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun m\u00fcderrisli\u011fi g\u00f6revinden (1914) ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca Halkal\u0131 Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebi’ndeki g\u00f6revine devam etti. Harbiye Nezareti’ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa’dan gelen teklif \u00fczerine \u0130slam birli\u011fi kurma gayesi g\u00fcden Almanya’ya Tunuslu \u015eeyh Salih \u015eerif ile birlikte gitti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fcbnan’da ya\u015fayan Mekke Emiri \u015eerif Ali Haydar Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n daveti ile 1918’de bu \u00fclkeye giden \u00c2kif, L\u00fcbnan’da iken \u015eeyh\u00fclislaml\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 D\u00e2r-\u00fcl Hikmet-il \u0130sl\u00e2miye Cemiyeti ba\u015fkatipli\u011fine atand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde Anadolu topraklar\u0131 i\u015fgale u\u011fram\u0131\u015f; T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 ‘n\u0131 ba\u015flatarak direni\u015fe ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Bu harekete kat\u0131lmak isteyen \u00c2kif, Bal\u0131kesir’e giderek 6 \u015eubat 1920 g\u00fcn\u00fc Za\u011fnos Pa\u015fa Camii’nde \u00e7ok heyecanl\u0131 bir hutbe verdi. Halk\u0131n beklenmedik ilgisi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha bir\u00e7ok yerde hutbe verdi, konu\u015fmalar yapt\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul’a d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c2kif, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 desteklemesi nedeniyle 1920’de D\u00e2r \u00fcl-Hikmet il-\u0130sl\u00e2miye Cemiyeti’ndeki g\u00f6revlerinden azledildi. \u0130stanbul’da rahat edemeyen Mehmet Akif Ersoy, g\u00f6revinden azledilmeden \u00f6nce o\u011flu Emin’i yan\u0131na alarak Anadolu’ya ge\u00e7ti. Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’dan Sebil’\u00fcr-Re\u015fad’\u0131 Ankara’da \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gelen davet \u00fczerine TBMM’nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc olan 24 Nisan 1920 g\u00fcn\u00fc Ankara’ya vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ankara’ya var\u0131r varmaz ona verilen ilk g\u00f6rev, Konya Ayaklanmas\u0131’n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in halka \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler vermek \u00fczere Konya’ya gitmekti, b\u00fcy\u00fck gayretine ra\u011fmen Konya’da kesin bir sonuca ula\u015famad\u0131 ve Kastamonu’ya ge\u00e7ti. Halk\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmana direni\u015fe te\u015fvik i\u00e7in 1920 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda Kastamonu’daki Nasrullah Camisi’nde verdi\u011fi ate\u015fli vaaz, Diyarbak\u0131r’da bas\u0131ld\u0131 ve t\u00fcm vilayetlere ve cephelere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1921’de Ankara’da Taceddin Dergah\u0131’na yerle\u015fen Mehmet \u00c2kif, Burdur milletvekili olarak meclisteki g\u00f6revine devam etmekteydi. O d\u00f6nemde Yunanlar\u0131n Ankara’ya ilerleyi\u015fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda meclisi Kayseri’ye ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k vard\u0131. Bunun bir da\u011f\u0131lmaya yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Mehmet \u00c2kif, Ankara’da kal\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, Sakarya’da yeni bir savunma hatt\u0131 kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdi; teklifi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131p kabul edildi. Taceddin Dergah\u0131’nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ev Mehmet Akif Ersoy M\u00fczesi olarak ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 Hamdullah Suphi Bey’in ricas\u0131 \u00fczerine arkada\u015f\u0131 Hasan Basri Bey kendisini ulusal mar\u015f yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na kat\u0131lmaya ikna etti. Konulan 500 liral\u0131k \u00f6d\u00fcl nedeniyle ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kat\u0131lmay\u0131 reddetti\u011fi bu yar\u0131\u015fmaya, o g\u00fcne kadar g\u00f6nderilen \u015fiirlerin hi\u00e7biri yeterli bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve en g\u00fczel \u015fiiri Mehmet \u00c2kif’in yazaca\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131 mecliste h\u00e2kimdi. Mehmet \u00c2kif’in yar\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmay\u0131 kabul etmesi \u00fczerine kimi \u015fairler \u015fiirlerini yar\u0131\u015fmadan \u00e7ektiler. \u015eairin orduya ithaf etti\u011fi \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mar\u015f\u0131, 17 \u015eubat g\u00fcn\u00fc S\u0131rat-\u0131 M\u00fcstakim ve H\u00e2kimiyet-i Milliye’de yay\u0131mland\u0131. Hamdullah Suphi Bey taraf\u0131ndan mecliste okunup ayakta dinlendikten sonra 12 Mart 1921 Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 17.45’te ulusal mar\u015f olarak kabul edildi. \u00c2kif, \u00f6d\u00fcl olarak verilen 500 liray\u0131 Hilal-i Ahmer b\u00fcnyesinde, kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklara i\u015f \u00f6\u011freten ve cepheye elbise diken Dar’\u00fcl Mesai vakf\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siroz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na tutulunca hava de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi iyi gelir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle \u00f6nce L\u00fcbnan’a, sonra Antakya’ya gitti fakat M\u0131s\u0131r’a hasta olarak d\u00f6nd\u00fc. 17 Haziran 1936’da tedavi i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul’a d\u00f6nd\u00fc. 27 Aral\u0131k 1936 tarihinde \u0130stanbul’da, Beyo\u011flu’ndaki M\u0131s\u0131r Apartman\u0131’nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Edirnekap\u0131 Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc. Mezar\u0131 iki y\u0131l sonra, \u00fcniversiteli gen\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131; 1960’ta yol in\u015faat\u0131 nedeniyle kabri Edirnekap\u0131 \u015eehitli\u011fi’ne nakledildi. Mezar\u0131, S\u00fcleyman Nazif ve arkada\u015f\u0131 Ahmet Naim Bey’in mezarlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ST\u0130KLAL MAR\u015eI’NIN KABUL\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O s\u0131rada Maarif Vekili Hamdullah Suphi’nin deste\u011fi ile \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan yar\u0131\u015fmaya giren Mehmet Akif Ersoy, 724 \u015fiir aras\u0131ndan yar\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 kazand\u0131. 18 Mart 1921’de kabul edilen \u015fiir, 1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osman Zeki \u00dcng\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan bestelenerek “T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Milli Mar\u015f\u0131” olarak ilan edildi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy yar\u0131\u015fmadan kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 500 liray\u0131 kabul etmeyerek T\u00fcrk Ordusu’na arma\u011fan etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sakarya Zaferi’nden sonra \u0130stanbul’a geldi ancak \u0130slami uyan\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerden olan Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Cumhuriyet’in laik d\u00fczeninin oturmas\u0131 sebebiyle M\u0131s\u0131r’a gitti. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar M\u0131s\u0131r’da T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 dersleri verdi. Siroz’a yakalanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine 1935’te L\u00fcbnan’a, 1936’da Antakya’ya gitti. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilerlemesi \u00fczerine \u00fclkesine d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve 27 Aral\u0131k 1936’da \u0130stanbul’da vefat etti. Mezar\u0131 Edirnekap\u0131 \u015eehitli\u011fi’nde bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un en \u00f6nemli eseri olan “Safahat”, 7 kitabtan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 1911 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde osmanl\u0131 toplumunun me\u015frutiyet d\u00f6nemini; 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde” adl\u0131 ikinci kitapta, Osmanl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015ftir. 1913’de Safahat’\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan “Halk\u0131n Sesleri”ni ve 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm “Fatih K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde”yi yazd\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan 1917 tarihli “Hat\u0131ralar” ve I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 1924 tarihli “As\u0131m”\u0131 yazd\u0131. Son ve 7. b\u00f6l\u00fcm olan “G\u00f6lgeler”i 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131. \u015eiirlerinin toplu olarak yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 7 kitapl\u0131k eserine “\u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131”n\u0131 koymayarak bu eserini T\u00fcrk Milleti’ne arma\u011fan etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 1911 olan “Safahat”, 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamland\u0131. \u00d6zmer Ziya Do\u011frul, Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un kitaplar\u0131na almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirlerini de ekleyerek eseri, 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda tekrar yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda M. Ertu\u011frul D\u00fczda\u011f, eseri \u00f6nceki bask\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 g\u00f6steren yeni bir bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. “Kur’an’dan Ayet ve Hadisler” ve “Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un Makaleleri” adl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mesnevi, Haf\u0131z Divan\u0131, G\u00fcllistan, Fuzuli’nin Leyla ve Mecnu’nu, Victor Hugo, Lamartine ve Emile Zola gibi eserleri okumu\u015f olan Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un eserleri anlat\u0131ya ve \u00f6vg\u00fcye dayal\u0131d\u0131r. “Sanat sanat i\u00e7indir” g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f dini y\u00f6n\u00fc a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta bir edebiyat tarz\u0131 benimsemi\u015ftir. Edebiyat dili olarak Milli Edebiyat ak\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, aruz kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta edebiyatta bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma konusunda Tevfik Fikret ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r..<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’m\u0131z\u0131n yazar\u0131\u00a0Mehmet Akif Ersoy, vefat\u0131n\u0131n 82 y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde an\u0131yoruz. Mehmet Akif Ersoy kimdir ? \u0130stiklal \u015fairi\u00a0Mehmet Akif Ersoy hakk\u0131nda bilgiler…… Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Ulusal Mar\u015f\u0131 olarak 12 Mart 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n \u015fairi ve g\u00fcftekar\u0131d\u0131r. 20 Aral\u0131k 1873 tarihinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen ve 27 Aral\u0131k 1936 senesinde…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arsiv-2018","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1712"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1712\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/addstuttgart.de\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}